NECO Livestock Farming (OBJ & Essay) Questions and Answers 2026
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Objective Answers (OBJ)
Essay & Theory Answers
Verified step-by-step detailed explanations
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*NECO 2026 LIVESTOCK OBJ* https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbChP246LwHsgqriNd3t 1-10: C, A, E, C, E, E, D, A, D, A 11-20: D, A, B, C, D, B, C, C, D, D 21-30: A, E, C, A, B, D, C, E, E, B 31-40: B, A, B, E, A, E, C, C, A, B SOLVED & COMPLETED BY EXAMGROUP.net *USE THIS IF URS IS RESHUFFLED 👇👇❤️ 🔥* 1. C – Fowl possess wattles; rabbit possesses whiskers. 2. A – Oxygen and water are transported through the blood. 3. E – Part labelled II is the vas deferens. 4. C – Dehorning is not a method of identification (it's a management practice). 5. E – A good pasture should have low weed infestation. 6. E – Hog cholera is caused by a virus. 7. E – Figure represents life cycle of a tick. 8. A – Gas exchange takes place in the alveoli. 9. D – Dehorning is done to prevent disease infection (and injury). 10. A – Farm level processing would have been done before selling to middlemen. 11. D – High fibre and low energy feeds = roughages. 12. A – Difference in body immunity is NOT a reason for formulating different rations. 13. B – Anaemia in piglets = deficiency of iron. 14. C – Grains provide energy for daily activity. 15. D – To facilitate pasture regeneration, farmer should paddock the rangeland before grazing. 16. B – Centrosema pubescens is a legume that provides more protein. 17. C – Overgrazing does NOT improve rangeland. 18. C – Mating management practice = flushing (improving nutrition before breeding). 19. D – Piroplasmosis is transmitted by a vector (tick). 20. D – Taeniasis is infestation by tapeworm. 21. A – When spraying animals, avoid spraying the nose and mouth. 22. E – Digested microbial and feed protein are absorbed in the small intestine. 23. A – Part V (testes) functions to initiate spermatogenesis. 24. A – Advantage of intensive system = increases rate of growth. 25. B – Brooding management is necessary for chicks from 1 to 14 days. 26. D – Best material for brooding house floor = saw dust. 27. C – Growers placed on restricted feeding to prevent excessive body fat. 28. E – Liming during tanning removes upper layer hairs. 29. E – Skin market value can be reduced by parasite infestation. 30. B – Revenue = 5 apiaries × 600 bottles × ₦2000 = ₦6,000,000. Net profit = ₦6,000,000 – ₦1,000,000 = ₦5,000,000. 31. B – Copper is essential for production of haemoglobin. 32. A – Older animals have higher water intake due to differences in body metabolic activities. 33. B – Finisher mash has lower percentage of protein than starter mash. 34. E – Symptom of grass tetany = nervousness and convulsion. 35. A – Selecting breeding stock = possession of well developed body size. 36. E – Advantage of importing exotic breeds = upgrade the quality of indigenous breeds. 37. C – Trypanosomiasis is endemic because it is prevalent in a particular area. 38. C – Difficult to control diseases among inbred cattle because number of susceptible offsprings are many. 39. A – Limitation of artificial insemination = erratic supply of electricity. 40. B – Part II represents bladder worm. *NECO 2026 LIVESTOCK FARMING (PAPER II – ESSAY)* *COMPLETE ANSWERS – QUESTIONS 1 TO 5* https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbChP246LwHsgqriNd3t =========================================================== QUESTION 1 =========================================================== (a) Give four functions of rumen in the digestive tract of a ruminant animal (4 marks) 1. The rumen serves as a large fermentation vat where microorganisms (bacteria, protozoa, and fungi) break down cellulose and other complex carbohydrates. 2. It stores large quantities of ingested feed, allowing the animal to eat quickly and later regurgitate for chewing (rumination). 3. It produces volatile fatty acids (VFAs) which are absorbed and used as the main energy source for the animal. 4. It synthesizes microbial proteins from non-protein nitrogen sources, providing high-quality protein to the animal when microbes pass to the abomasum. (b) Enumerate four signs of parturition in an ewe (4 marks) 1. Swelling and relaxation of the vulva and surrounding tissues. 2. Enlargement and engorgement of the udder with milk (colostrum may leak). 3. Restlessness, isolation from the flock, and frequent lying down and getting up. 4. Tail raising and straining, indicating the onset of labour. (c) Differentiate pulmonary circulation from systemic circulation in farm animals (2 marks) Pulmonary circulation is the movement of blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and back to the heart. Systemic circulation is the movement of blood from the heart to the rest of the body (tissues and organs) and back to the heart. =========================================================== QUESTION 2 =========================================================== (a) List four advantages of intensive system over extensive system of pig management (4 marks) 1. Better disease control and biosecurity. 2. Higher stocking density, allowing more pigs per unit area. 3. Improved feeding efficiency and faster growth rates. 4. Closer monitoring of animal health and productivity. (b) State three management practices that should be carried out in cattle production from weaning to finishing stage (3 marks) 1. Provision of balanced rations (concentrates and roughages) to support growth. 2. Regular deworming and vaccination against common diseases. 3. Castration and dehorning (where applicable) to improve meat quality and ease of handling. (c) List three problems associated with marketing of animal products in Nigeria (3 marks) 1. Poor storage and preservation facilities leading to spoilage and waste. 2. Inadequate transportation and poor road networks. 3. Price fluctuations and exploitation by middlemen. =========================================================== https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbCpC6c5Ejy61HyxKZ0v *To all POLAC RC 13 aspirants 👆👆.* https://t.me/necovipanswer Neco vip 👆👆 *REACT, SHARE AND FORWARD TO EVERYONE ❤️🔥* FOR NECO STATE QUESTIONS, MESSAGE ME ON TELEGRAM👇👇: https://t.me/Officialkingjay1 JOIN OUR VIP CHANNEL 👇🏻👇🏻 https://t.me/freewassceditto QUESTION 3 =========================================================== (a) Mention four characteristics of feed supplements commonly served to farm animals (4 marks) 1. They are rich in specific nutrients such as protein, minerals, or vitamins. 2. They are usually fed in small quantities to balance the diet. 3. They are often expensive and fed only when required. 4. They are not used as a complete feed but as an addition to the basal ration. (b) Use the paddocked rangeland illustrated below to answer the questions that follow: (i) Calculate the total population of stylo in the rangeland sown at the spacing of 60 cm × 30 cm (3 marks) From the diagram: · Paddock 1 and Paddock 4 have Stylo and carpet grass · Paddock 3 has Stylo and carpet grass Total paddocks with Stylo = 3 (Paddocks 1, 3 and 4) Area of each paddock = length × width = 90 m × 40 m = 3,600 m² Total area with Stylo = 3 × 3,600 = 10,800 m² Spacing area per stand = 60 cm × 30 cm = 0.60 m × 0.30 m = 0.18 m² Number of stylo stands = Total area / Spacing area = 10,800 / 0.18 = 60,000 stands Answer: 60,000 stands (ii) State three benefits that are derived by rotating the grazing of cattle from one paddock to another (3 marks) 1. It allows pastures to recover and regrow, preventing overgrazing. 2. It reduces the build-up of internal parasites and diseases in the pasture. 3. It ensures more uniform utilization of forage and improves pasture quality and productivity. =========================================================== QUESTION 4 =========================================================== (a) Differentiate between genes and alleles (2 marks) Genes are units of heredity located on chromosomes that determine specific traits. Alleles are different forms of the same gene that occupy the same position on homologous chromosomes and produce variations in the same trait (e.g., genes for coat colour may have alleles for black or white). (b) Explain the term "Inbreeding depression" (2 marks) Inbreeding depression is the reduced biological fitness and productivity that results from mating closely related individuals. It leads to an increased expression of harmful recessive genes, resulting in reduced fertility, slower growth, and increased susceptibility to diseases. (c) A breeder crossed Sokoto Gudali (BB) high beef production with Red Bororo (mm) high milk production: (i) Illustrate the crossing of their offspring in F₁ to F₂ generation (3 marks) P: BB (beef) × mm (milk) F₁: All Bm (dual purpose) F₁ × F₁: Bm × Bm Gametes: B, m × B, m F₂: BB, Bm, mB, mm (ii) How many of the offsprings in F₁ will be dual purpose cattle? (1 mark) All (100%) of F₁ offspring will be dual purpose (Bm). Answer: All 4 offsprings (iii) What is the ratio of beef producers to milk producers in F₂? (1 mark) From the Punnett square: · BB: 1 (beef producer) · Bm: 2 (dual purpose) · mm: 1 (milk producer) Ratio of beef producers to milk producers = 1:1 Answer: 1:1 (iv) How many offsprings in F₂ have heterozygous gene? (1 mark) Heterozygous = Bm = 2 out of 4 Answer: 2 (or 50%) =========================================================== QUESTION 5 =========================================================== (a) Define the term "drenching" in animal health management (2 marks) Drenching is the oral administration of liquid medications (such as anthelmintics) to farm animals using a drenching gun or syringe. It is commonly used to treat internal parasites (worms) and to deliver other medicines directly into the animal's stomach. (b) State three stages of disease infection in farm animals (3 marks) 1. Incubation period – The time between the entry of the pathogen into the animal and the appearance of the first clinical signs. 2. Prodromal period – The early stage when non-specific signs (such as fever, loss of appetite, and lethargy) begin to appear. 3. Clinical stage – The full manifestation of disease signs and symptoms. (c) Enumerate five economic importance of lice infestation in farm animals (5 marks) 1. It causes reduced weight gain and poor growth in infested animals. 2. It lowers milk production and quality in dairy animals. 3. It damages hides and skins, reducing their market value. 4. It causes irritation and stress, leading to reduced feed intake and poor performance. 5. It increases production costs due to the need for treatment and management of the infestation. =========================================================== END OF ANSWERS – QUESTIONS 1 TO 5 ======================
